Method and apparatus for determining hazard levels of chemical/bioligical/nuclear agents in an environment, US6441743, 08/27/2002

A system and method for determining hazard levels of chemical, biological, and nuclear agents in an environment processes chemical vapor concentration measurements and generates hazard levels of the chemical vapor. The system and method provide an estimate of hazard level values by using an exponentially weighted moving integration of the vapor concentrations. When estimated hazard level values match or exceed empirically predetermined hazard accumlutaed dosage values for a particular chemical, biological, or nuclear agent, an indication of the level of hazard is generated.

Molecular Electronic Tunneling Transistor, US6348700, 02/19/2002

A monomolecular rectifying wire is provided that includes a molecular conducting wire that has been modified to embed a rectifying diode integrally therein. The modified conducting wire includes an electron donating section, an electron accepting section, and an insulating group separating the electron donating and accepting sections. Monomolecular logical gates and more complex logic structure that operate by the conduction of electrical currents are constructed by combinations of molecular rectifying wires, molecular conducting wires, and molecular resistive wires to form a single molecule that electrically exhibits a desired Boolean logic function.

Monomolecular Electronic device, US6339227, 01/15/2002

A monomolecular electronic device is provided that includes a molecular diode having at least one barrier insulating group chemically bonded between a pair of molecular ring structures to form a pair of diode sections, at least one dopant group chemically bonded to one of the pair of diode sections, and a molecular gate structure chemically bonded to the one diode section for influencing an intrinsic bias formed by the at least one dopant group. The device thus produced operates as a molecular electronic transistor, exhibiting both switching and power gain. By adding yet another insulating group to the other of the diode sections, an electrical resistance is formed to define an output which represents an inverter or NOT gate function. The NOT gate can be chemically bonded to molecular diode-diode logic structures to form a single molecule that exhibits complex Boolean functions and power gain.

Robotic Manipulation Utilizing Patterned Granular Motion, US6335059, 01/01/2002

A method for robotic manipulation of objects is provided wherein particulates are agitated by the transfer of energy there to establish patterned granular motion of the particulates. The patterned granular motion of the particulates forms standing waves. The objects align themselves with the standing waves and thus are dynamically arranged in a configuration established by the location of the standing waves. The location of the standing waves can be predetermined by controlling the waveform of the signals applied to the energy application system. The predetermined waveforms are supplied from the signal source to the energy application system.